Culture
Rubab, a traditional instrument from Pakistan
Pakistani society is largely hierarchical, with high regard for traditional
Islamic values, although urban families have grown into a
nuclear family system because of the socio-economic constraints imposed by the traditional
joint family system.
[164] Recent decades have seen the emergence of a middle class in cities like
Karachi,
Lahore,
Islamabad,
Rawalpindi,
Hyderabad,
Faisalabad,
Multan and
Peshawar (now numbering at 30 million, with an average annual income of US$10,000, with another 17 million belonging to the upper and upper-middle classes
[165] that wish to move in a more centrist direction, as opposed to the northwestern regions bordering Afghanistan that remain highly conservative and dominated by centuries-old regional
tribal customs. Increasing globalisation has resulted in ranking 46th on the
A.T. Kearney/
FP Globalization Index.
[166]
The variety of
Pakistani music ranges from diverse provincial folk music and traditional styles such as
Qawwali and
Ghazal Gayaki to modern forms fusing traditional and western music, such as the synchronisation of Qawwali and western music by the world renowned
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. In addition Pakistan is home to many famous folk singers such as the late
Alam Lohar, who is also well known in
Indian Punjab. However, majority of Pakistanis listen to Indian music produced by
Bollywood and other Indian film industries. The arrival of
Afghan refugees in the western provinces has rekindled
Pashto and
Persian music and established
Peshawar as a hub for Afghan musicians and a distribution center for Afghan music abroad.
[167]
State-owned
Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) and
Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation were the dominant media outlets, but there are now numerous private television channels. Various American, European, and Asian television channels and films are available to the majority of the Pakistani population via private television networks, cable, and satellite television (43 million Pakistanis have satellite television).
[168] There are also small indigenous film industries based in Lahore and Peshawar (often referred to as
Lollywood). And while
Bollywood films have been banned from being played in public cinemas since 1965 they have remained in popular culture.
[169
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